The Issue Of The Abortion - 1597 Words

Defining the issue There are about 31 abortions per 100 live births in Canada: 330,000 live births and 100,000 abortions each year. Top reasons for getting an abortion are: relationship issues, financial issues, ‘not being ready’, emotional issues, birth control failure, and genetic reasons. The abortion rate has increased each year. History of the issue Canada is currently one of few nations where no legal restrictions on aboritons exist today. It has been 143 years since abortion was first criminalized. The first recorded evidence of an abortion dates back to 1550 B.C.E. In 1892 the criminal code made it illegal for a physician to procure a miscarriage and or for a woman to self induce an abortion. The penalty was life of imprisonment for the person. The law states that it would only be legal is if it was necessary to save the woman s life. In 1938, laws were changed that â€Å"an abortion could be performed in good faith to protect the life and health of the mother, and that no clear distinction could be made between a threat to life and threat to health†. In 1969 laws were introduced to legalize abortion under certain measures. The bill changed the laws so that abortion would still be illegal, but therapeutic abortions would be accepted if passed by 3 physicians who would determine whether a woman s health was at risk. The 5 ways were: danger to life, danger to health, eugenic (fetal distress), criminological or juridical (rape and incest), and socio-economic. AnotherShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Abortion And Abortion Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pages The issue of abortion is a controversial one; there are arguments on both sides of the debate. In 1973 the national case of Roe v. Wade, sparked political decisions that created a national right to abortion. Further, Roe v. Wade declared that unborn children are not `persons nor are they entitled to the same constitutional protection as `born children (Baird, Rosenbaum, 2001). However, Roe v. Wade did not end the debate, nor, did it stop both sides for continuing the fight for their individualRead MoreAbortion Is A Issue Of Abortion1697 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion is a very touchy subject in our society. In the U.S. it is legal to abort a fetus up until the twenty fourth week. An abortion is the ending of a pregnancy before birth, which results in the death of an embryo or a fetus. Many people consider abortion as cruel as murder. Although some say abortion is in there own hands and is there own decision, others believe that no one but God has the right to take someone else s li fe. People that support abortion do not consider an unborn fetus a personRead MoreAbortion : The Issue Of Abortion1411 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Abortion is one of the most common medical procedures performed in the United States each year† (Abortion Overview and History). It is the termination of a human pregnancy, which is often performed during the first twenty-eight weeks of pregnancy. The topic of abortion seems to be a major issue in todays time. There are many people who are for it and many people who are against it. Religion has a lot to do with the side that people take on this issue. Many people see abortion as committing murderRead MoreThe Issue Of Abortion And Abortion876 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is one of the most debatable and controversial issues that exists in our society. An abortion is a medical procedure that terminates a pregnancy before 24 weeks. People who call themselves Pro-Life feel that it is the government’s responsibility to preserv e all life, regardless of concerns for the pregnant woman’s health, or for the quality of the life of the child. The Pro-Choice argument feels that a woman should have the choice when it comes to what they wish to do with their own reproductiveRead MoreThe Issue Of Abortion And Abortion1115 Words   |  5 Pagesjust give you up and kill you? Approximately 125,000 abortions occur per day. 1.1 million U.S. abortions each year. Nearly 1 in 4 (22%) of pregnancies end in abortion. 50% of women now seeking abortion have had at least one previous abortion. The U.S. abortion rate is among the highest of developed countries. 51% of abortions are performed on women less than 25 years of age. Approximately 1/3 of American women have had an abortion by age 45. Abortion disproportionately affects black and Hispanic womenRead MoreAbortion : The Issue Of Abortion Essay777 Words   |  4 Pagestheir whole future is demolished. In today society, the issue of abortion is very controversial i n the United States. Abortion is the ending of the early pregnancy. Many people said that aborting or killing an unwanted child is should be against the law. Everyone has the right to live, whether it’s a fetus, an embryo or just a newly fertilized egg; Abortion is a murder, and it should be illegal because it’s killing a helpless human being. Abortion is one of usual medical procedures performed in the URead MoreAbortion : The Issue Of Abortion1455 Words   |  6 Pagesstates could not restrict the right for a woman to have an abortion. Although more than forty years have passed, the controversy surrounding abortion rages on. Many different arguments are used in order to attack or defend abortion. It’s important to look at each of these from as objective of a lens a possible to keep bias, while unavoidable, to a minimum. Essentially each side of this argument boils their points down to be as follows, abortion should be included in a woman’s constitutional right toRead MoreAbortion And The Issue Of Abortion2577 Words   |  11 PagesThe history of abortion in the United States is more complex than most people imagine. Abortion and issues surrounding abortion are involved in intense political and public debate in the United States, law varies from state to state with regards to state legislature of abortio n. Until 1973, the control of abortion, was almost entirely in the hands of the government of the state. (Vile. M. J. C, 1999, P203) The focal legal debate surrounding the issue of abortion is whether a foetus has aRead MoreAbortion And The Issue Of Abortion1946 Words   |  8 Pagesways of looking at the issue of abortion are most easily categorized into five major points, legal precedence, birth control issues, human rights, religion and when life begins. Based on both empirical and moral claims, a wide spectrum of views supporting either more or less legal restriction on abortions has emerged in America. While advocacy groups define the issue through its constitutionality and its moral views represented by their constituents, politicians define the issue by party lines, generallyRead MoreAbortion : The Issue Of Abortion1212 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of abortion has been an ongoing debate for many years. According to ProChoice.org, abortion was legal in in the days of the early settlers. At the time that the constitution was adopted abortions were legal. Abortions were openly advertised and performed before the first fetal movement (13-16 weeks from the start of a women’s last period). The concern for abortion started in the late 1800’s when immigrants were coming into the country in large numbers and the fear was that they would produce

The Music Industry Whitney Houston - 1941 Words

â€Å"I decided long ago, never to walk in anyone s shadows. If I fail, if I succeed at least I ll live as I believe. No matter what they take from me. They can t take away my dignity† (onecommunityglobal.com). This was one of the many famous song lyrics from Whitney Houston’s ground breaking musical hits that captivated the attention of her fans and idols. Not only were fans able to relate to her musical lyrics, they were also amazed by her timeless voice, which no other artist during the time had. Because of her great voice and ground breaking musical hits as well as her ventures outside of the music industry, Whitney Houston is said to be one of the greatest singers of all time. Till this day, she is still considered a musical icon,†¦show more content†¦Luckily, she landed success as a model where she became one of the first African American women to appear on the cover of Seventeen Magazine. Although being a model was a great experience for Houston, she st ill did not give up her dreams of becoming a famous musical artist. So by the time Whitney Houston was 19 years old, she was finally discovered while singing in a nightclub by music mogul of Arista Records, Clive Davis. As Houston’s manager, Clive immediately transformed her musical career where she moved from being a gospel artist to a major pop artist (Bio.com). As a new recording artist, Whitney made her way onto the big screen by making her first national television appearance during the year of 1983 where she appeared on The Merv Griffin Show to sing Home from the musical The Wiz. After her huge appearance, Clive and Whitney focused on working on her debut album which took them approximately two years to produce (nytimes.com). By the end of year two, Whitney’s album, Whitney Houston, was released during the year of 1985 where it was a huge success. It included multiple hits such as â€Å"Saving All My Love for You† and How Will I Know which both caused the album to hit number one on the musical billboards chart. This was a groundbreaking moment not only for Houston but for the music industry as well

Needs of American Cities for Policing Policy Free Essays

In analyzing the needs of American cities for policing policy for the future, race has to be considered in the equation. Researchers note that it is not possible to ignore the variable of race when describing the nature of policing in the United States. This includes efforts to develop a community policing concept, and race enters both for policing in the minority community and for the way policing does or does not use racial profiling so as to antagonize the minority community. We will write a custom essay sample on Needs of American Cities for Policing Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now In much of America, relations between the police and the African-American community have long been tense. In some regions, the police are viewed as an occupying army present not to protect the people but to control them and to keep them in their place. Numerous civil disturbances in recent decades can be traced to tensions between the police and the black community, from the riots of the summer of 1965 to the riot in Los Angeles after the first Rodney King verdict, from the problems in Crown Heights in New York to any number of disputed police shooting incidents in cities across the country. Even without a specific incident to set off a disturbance, there is often an underlying tension between poor black communities and the surrounding society, with the police serving as a symbol of that society: The very complex, diffuse, interrelated, but still independent nature of the social, political, and economic institutions within American society, supported by layers and layers of public and private bureaucracies often manipulated by elusive, anonymous power brokers, perpetually frustrate the attempts of Black Americans to modify and reorder societal arrangements in their favor. Therefore, the â€Å"system† is identified as the culprit (Wintersmith, 1974, p. 2). The fact that the police are the most likely target for black hostility and aggression, however, does not mean blacks do not have a real reason to fear the police or the rallying cry of â€Å"law and order†: For Black Americans this slogan connotes oppression, police occupation of Black communities, inequitable and selective police treatment, disregard for human and constitutional rights of Black citizens, and continued denial of equitable opportunity (Wintersmith, 1974, p. ). Community Policing is a program that links the actions of the police with citizen participation as part of an overall effort to solve the problems of the community by involving the community, and such an approach can help inform the public and gain public acceptance for the minority hire program a well. The community policing model is based on that sort of assumption and on the view that crime has many complex causes and that police departments cannot keep the streets safe by themselves. If crime is to be controlled, police must reach out to other local institutions, and indeed to the broader community at large, and create partnerships. Among the features of such a program are integrated investigations, team and neighborhood rather than a shift and divisional basis for officer deployment, foot patrols, and community service as a focus along with problem-oriented policing instead of mere crime-fighting. Programs of this sort mean a different structure for the police as well as altered functions, allocations of resources, and general attitude. This can be a challenge to traditional police department structures because the traditional method is to respond to citizen demand rather than to try to ascertain the underlying forces creating patterns of problems. The community policing method is proactive rather than responsive. The approach also calls attention to the degree to which the police are dependent on the public for support, information, and cooperation. A recent study suggests that the benefits of community policing may have been oversold to the public, but there are also indications that community policing needs to be given time to work and that the police and the community must become more comfortable with one another to create a better atmosphere (Moran Bucqueroux, 1995, p. 1057). One way for the police to learn more about the neighborhood and the residents is to be residents themselves. Requiring officers to live in the community is seen as a way of enhancing the community policing effort in a variety of ways and of adding to the comfort level on both sides. Police and citizens should see themselves as part of the same community. Informal and casual contact between police officers and the public occurs at different rates in different communities. Often, members of the public keep their distance from police officers out of concern that they will be investigated or somehow drawn into police activity or because of a general distrust of the police: â€Å"American studies show high social isolation of police officers in comparison with people in other occupations (Guyot, 1991, p. 279). Some see the police as having isolated themselves intentionally, leaving them open to charges of abusing their authority by coming into neighborhoods in which they have no stake and using their power unwisely. Community policing is seen as a way of reversing this. Wilson and Kelling (1989) note of crime, â€Å"Most crime in most neighborhoods is local: the offenders live near their victims† (Wilson Kelling, 1989, p. 46). This makes people in these neighborhoods feel less safe, just as they can be made to feel more safe if police offices live in the neighborhood. The officers need to be comfortable with the victims and to understand the perpetrators, and living in the community they serve. Bringing more minorities into the police department is also often emphasized as a way to reach and include the black community. The proper model for bringing new hires into the department and for finding more qualified minorities is recruitment rather than hiring. Most departments emphasize hiring, which means that applicants come in on their own and ask to join the department, after which they are evaluated. Recruitment involves seeking out qualified applicants and selling the idea and the department to them. This is a practice approach that can be conducted throughout the community, for individuals of all backgrounds, and this also avoids the quota stigma while including more minorities by identifying those who would fit the needs of the department. This still leaves a barrier in the form of the requirements for qualification, which need to be more flexible in order to emphasize training after acceptance rather than having the skills needed before applying. This idea would also extend the reach of the recruiter more deeply into minority groups (Carter Radelet, 1999, p. 173). The development of a proper plan for implementing recruiting means determining need on several bases, including short-term needs, medium-term needs, and long-term needs. For all, the department needs to develop â€Å"a marketing plan for recruiting that includes operational, tactical, and strategic objectives† (Carter Radelet, 1999, pp. 174-175). Developing a plan for hiring more minority officers can begin with analyzing what other departments have done to address the same issue, and some of what is found in a survey on the subject includes good recommendations for an approach to take. For instance, an Action Plan offered by the department in the Canadian city of Brantford includes noting that the minorities already in the department can be a great help in recruiting new minority hires by serving as the face of the department in certain communities. For instance, these officers can be depicted in recruitment materials in the law enforcement role whenever possible to encourage potential female and visible minority candidates. These officers can also be used to give active encouragement for the recruitment of potential candidates. They can also represent the department at high schools, colleges, and universities to attract potential candidates through continued participation in such things as the student co-op placement program, anti-vandalism program, and the High School Resource Officer program. These officers can also work with groups in the community representing the community diversity to build relationships and encourage potential candidates, which will also involve sitting on police liaison committees and hosting Citizenship Court (Recruiting Process, 2004). Allen (2003) suggests that the only way to keep police departments focused on minority hiring is by instituting an affirmative action program, but given recent court rulings and public attitudes, that is not a viable solution. Allen does note that keeping up with minority hiring is a problem because what is required always changes, as noted with reference to mesa, Arizona: The minority population is slowly yet steadily increasing. Both the increase in population and changes in ethnic demographics have affected the city’s public safety needs and contribute to the department’s difficulty in becoming more diverse (Allen, 2003). Among the problems noted for programs to hire more minorities are resistance from within from officers who feel threatened by change, community resistance, suits from those who believe they have been the target of reverse discrimination, and simple difficulties in finding qualified applicants. Programs useful in police hiring can be adapted to the specific needs of minority hiring. In order to improve the quality of police recruits in general, programs have been set up at the college and university levels in order to recruit better-educated officers. Such programs can be used effectively at traditionally back colleges and universities in order to garner attention and attract minority recruits from that population. Such an approach would also be key to bringing in more recruits who would be good candidates for advancement in order to improve the mix in managerial roles. One of the complaints leveled at some departments when they use affirmative action for minority hiring is that the level of recruits goes down, but this would not be the case with recruits attracted from minority colleges. Within the department, a mentor program can be created to empower existing minority officers to give assistance, training, and advice to new recruits, a program that would help all officers and the department as a whole and that would also be especially useful for keeping new minority hires on track so they do not get discouraged and resign, as often happens. The mentors also serve as role models of what advancement brings. Once the department is on it way to a more varied and advanced status, it can offer incentives to minority officers from other departments to transfer. This can be another way of gaining qualified recruits, especially for the management level, as such a move up can be offered as the incentive that attracts them in the first place. They can then serve as mentors to other minority applicants and help expand the reach of the department. Their experience can also be invaluable. Once these programs are in place, they must be maintained in order to keep the department fresh, at a proper level of minority employment, and at a high level of community involvement and service and a high level of overall competence. The degree of change in the department in terms of the makeup of the force will show how well the program is working, just as normal evaluations of the work performance of new hires and old will show that the change is beneficial to the department. This analysis shows that there is a need to consider race first in terms of the community and second in terms of the make-up of the police force. In both cases, this is because race remains a dividing issue and one that is exacerbated by most poling programs. Community policing offers at least the chance of improving the system and reducing both the threat to the community and antipathy from the community. How to cite Needs of American Cities for Policing Policy, Essay examples

Website Review and Summary free essay sample

Website Review and Summary Website Review and Summary On all the websites including local, state, and the national it is proof of how teen pregnancy has declined in the past several years. How each site is expressing awareness as the most important issue to decrease these numbers is overwhelming. Each site gives valuable information on how many teens have been pregnant in the last several years along with information based on types of diseases each person can get from having non-protective sex. Adoption is another aspect all government types draw awareness too. Types of structure between all levels of government All levels national, state, and local are working to bring teen pregnancy down. Every site spoke of how to continue to decline pregnancy rates. Each level of government has started years ago taking steps of teen awareness. Making teens aware of not only pregnancy but what can happen with teen pregnancies is a big step all levels of governments are taking. We will write a custom essay sample on Website Review and Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Functions at each level of government agencies Each level of government is taking every step possible to decline pregnancy among teens. Each level is also worried about AIDs or other diseases which may be contracted during sexual intercourse. On each website there was talk of how teen pregnancy not only affects the teens yet the baby as well. On several sites it was brought to attention of how adoption can be an option. All levels of government are expressing how many people are looking to adopt and how teens can make a difference by giving their babies up for adoption rather than try to raise a baby while they are still growing themselves. Teens that have babies cost the country more money because she normally uses the counties money to help raise her child. This money the girls are using is making for higher rates for each county. These girls are normally to your to work and raise the child themselves. Each level of government is basing all on teen pregnancy awareness. Levels of Government working together Each level of government is working together by using awareness to target teens. From the national down to local government, focus on finding new ways to get the information to the teens. Each level of government agencies work together, to educate most importantly at school. The government agencies focus on getting this information out on any basis necessary. Public and community health Public and community health on the all is better than it has been since 1991. There are a few states which are still having problems with teen pregnancy at large. These states include: Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Georgia (Kost, Henshaw, Carlin). All these states are still on the high percentage side, due of teen pregnancy. The government agencies should not lose concentration on the states which are doing well, yet focus harder on these states which are on the high end of teen pregnancy still. Most states have dropped significantly over the past. Since 1991 the number nationwide has dropped by 40 percent (Pregnant teen help). Every agency should continue awareness. This process has seemed to work well over the years making teens aware not only at school yet being able to access any of this information online. All this information is very structured and broad based informational to all teen awareness. Making teens aware of how much teen pregnancy could be accountable for deaths among babies and preeclampsia to name a few. All the diseases one can get just by having unprotected sex are also widely recognized. Each site is very expressive on all this information. Conclusion Federal funding is on the rise to prevent teen pregnancy. Each type of government expresses how much awareness means to this cause through education, media, events, and other resources (Dutro, N. ). Since 1991 the numbers have dropped dramatically. Government agencies believe this is due to awareness that each agency has developed to make teens aware. All agencies not only make teens aware of the circumstances which may result in sexual intercourse, yet there are ways to expand beyond this. The adoption issue is stated on each governmental agencies site letting teens know of their options. Teen pregnancy is declining yet there are more options to let teens know how much more can happen besides pregnancy. On this subject agencies are doing a wonderful job, yet there are always options to do more. Let us save our teens and their childhood and step up together with overnment agencies to keep our teens from making these mistakes in their lives. References Dutro, N. (4-10-2010). Area agencies tackling teen pregnancy rate. Retrieved from http://www. pcsao. org/2005Factbook/SENECA%20COUNTY. pdf Kost, K. , Henshaw, S. , Carlin L. (2010). U. S. teenage pregnancies, births and abortions, National and State Trends and Trends by race and ethnicity. Retrieved from http://www. guttmacher. org/pubs/USTPtrends. pdf Teenage pregnancy statistics 2009. (6-14-2011) Pregnant teen help. Retrieved from http://www. pregnantteenhelp. org